Machine for sewing on buttons



(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. MATHISON.

MACHINE FOR SEWING ON BUTTONS.

No. 336,880. Patented Feb. 23, 1886.

N. PETERS. Pholo-Lilhngnphnn Wumngtcn. D. C

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. MATHISON.

MACHINE FOR SEWING 0N BUTTONS.

Patented Feb. 23, 1886.

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(No Model.)

J. MATHiISON.

MAG INE FOR SEWING ON BUTTONS.

No. 336,880. Patented Feb. 23, 1886.

WITNESSES! N. PETERS. Pholn-Lilhugnphcr. Washington a. a

(No Model.) s sneetssheer 4.. J. MATHISON.

MACHINE FOR SEWING ON BUTTONS. No. 336,880. Patented Feb. 28, 18 86.

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J. MAT'HISON.

MAOHINE FOR SEWING 0N BUTTONS.

No. 336,880. Patented Feb. 23, 1886.

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PETERS Pholo'Lilhognphu. Wanhinglon D C 8 Sheets-Sheet 6.

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J. MATHISON.

MACHINE FOR SEWING ON BUTTONS.

No. 836,880. Patented Feb. 23, 1886.

I NVENTEI WITNESSEISi (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 7. J. MATHISON.

MACHINE FOR SEWING ON BUTT0N$. No. 336,880. Patented Feb. 23, 1886.

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MAOHHIB FOR SEWING 0N Bfi l Tblvs NO. 336,880. Patented Feb; 23, 1886..

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UNITED STATES PATENT rEicE.

JOSEPH MATHISON, OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE TAND- ARD BUTTON FASTENING COMPANY, OF PORTLAND, MAINE.

MACHINE FOR SEWING ON BUTTONS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 336,880, dated February 23, 1886.

Application tiled September 24, 1885. Serial No. 178,084. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JosEPH ll/IATHISON, of Lynn, in the county of-Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Sewing on Buttons, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object to provide certain improvements in the mechanism for [O sewing on buttons for which Letters Patent of i 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 represent perspec- I tive views illustrating different stages of the operation. Fig. 13 representsaside elevation and partial section of a portion of the machine, showing the devices for operating the needlebar. Fig. 14 represents an elevation of the thread-clamping device. Fig. 15 represents a section on line 00 00, Fig. 14. Fig. 16'represents a side elevation and partial section of a part of the machine, showing the devices for operating the carrier of the needle and castoff bars. Fig. 17 represents a rear elevation of a portion of the carrier-operating mechanism. Fig. 18 represents a vertical section through the work-supporting arm, showing the mechanism for operating the looper or thread-carrier. Fig. 19 represents a top view of the thread-carrier and its operating mechanism. Fig. 20 represents a side elevation and partial sections of a portion of the machine. Figs. 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 represent different views of the loop-spreading devices. Fig. 26 represents aside elevation of the gumcup in the work-supporting arm. Fig. 27 represents a section on line y 1 Fig. 26. Fig. 28 represent-s a top view of the gum-cup.

The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.

In the drawings, a represents a suitable supporting'frame having a narrow elongated work supporting arm, B, preferably horizontal and of such size as to enable the upper of a boot or shoe to be drawn upon it and al low said upper a free movement laterally of the arm. Said arm B is hollow and contains a gum-cup, a vibratory thread-carrier, G, and suitable tension devices, all hereinafter described. Above the thrcadcarrierisanecdle- 6 plate, D, forming a part of the upper surface of the arm B, and provided with a slot extending longitudinally of the arm to permit the needle to pass downwardly through the needle-plate and move longitudinally of the arm 6 to feed the material while depressed.

' E represents the neck or arm supporting the needle, presser, and cast-off bars, and located over the worksupporting arm B. The needle-bar F and cast-off bar G are directly snp- 7O ported in a carrier, H, which is adapted to reciprocate horizontally in guides or ways I I (see Fig. 16) in the neck E. The carrier H is provided with a substantially horizontal arm,

V, to the outer end of which is pivoted a le- 7 5 ver, W. Said lever is mounted to oscillate on a rod, A,'affixed to the supporting-frame a, and has an arm, B, projecting from its lower end. (See Figs. 16 and 17.) Two arms, 0 D, connected by a hub, E, common to both, are 3 adapted to oscillate on the rod A, which passes through said hub. The arm 0 projects upwardly and has a roller, F, while the arm D projects over the arm B of the lever WV, said arm B being pressed by a spring, G, against 8 5 an adjustable screw, H, in the arm D. The lever W has a roller, 1, located nearly beside the roller F. Said rollers are acted on, respectively, by two cams, J K, on the driving-shaft B, said cams acting alternately, as 9( hereinafter described. The spring G, which is coiled upon the rod A, and attached at one end to a collar on said rod (see Fig. 17) by its upward pressure on the arm B, presses the lever W toward the cams J K, and thus moves the carrier H in a direction opposite to that in which it is moved by said cams. The cam J is formed to permit the carrier H to be moved forward by the spring G during a small proportion of a complete rotation of said cam, such forward movement taking place after the needle has drawn up a loop through the eye of a button in the raceway, and enabling the needle in its next descent to pass 7 outside of the eye of the button through the loop last drawn up, and draw up a second loop through it, as hereinafter described. The cam K is formed to force back the lever W and move the carrier backwardly, while the needle is in the work preparatoryto drawing up the second loop, thus causing the needle to feed the work, as hereinafter described. The screw H in the arm D determines the position of the arm 0 and enables said arm to be adjusted with reference to the lever W and cam J. The position of the arm 0 determines the length of reciprocating movement imparted to the carrier H, an adjustment of the arm in the direction of the arrow marked upon it in Fig. 16 permitting the lever W to stand nearer the cam K and receive a greater movement therefrom, thus increasing the length of the feed movement imparted to the needle, as hereinafter described. An adjustment of the arm 0 in the opposite direction shortens said feed movement. These adjustments change the position at which the needle enters the work and necessitate a corresponding adjustability of the button-raceway, hereinafter described. The needle-bar F is provided with a stud or pin, 0. (shown in dotted lines, Figs. 2 and 13,) which projectsthrough a vertical slot. 0*, in the carrier- H. and enters an orificein a slide, N, Fig. 2,which is fitted in aslot, L, in an oscillating lever, J. Said lever is pivoted at K to the neck E, and is oscillated vertically by means of a camgroove in a disk, K, on the driving-shaft R, and aconnecting-rod, S, having a stud or roller entering said cam-groove, and a slot through which thedriving-shaftRpasses. (See Fig.13.) The needle-bar F is thus reciprocated vertically, the slot L in the lever J enabling said bar to bereciprocated Vertically, while at any point to which it is moved laterally. The cast-oft barG is provided with two projections, h h, between which is a stud, z, attached to the needle bar, said stud having a considerable independent movement between the projections h h, sothat as the needlehar rises and falls the stud imoves the cast-off bar to a limited extent in the same directions, the movements thus imparted causing the cast-0h to be operated in the usual manner in casting off the primary loop, as hereinafter described. The needle-bar has a longitudinal cavity, P, in its upper portion, as shown in Fig. 2 and in dotted lines in Fig. 2, in which is adapted.

to slide a rod or finger, 2, the upper end of which is bent over and bears on the cast off bar G. A spring, 3, interposed between a collar, T, on the lower end of the rod 2 and a cap, Q, screwed onto the upper end of the needle-bar F, exerts a downward pressure on the cast-off bar G. The cast-off bar has a projecting stud, I, at its inner side, which bears during a part of the operation upon a horizontal shoulder, J, on the arm E. Said shoulder prevents the cast-off from moving downwardly far enough to strike the work until the needle is making its backward work-feeding movement, as hereinafter described. The stud I of the cast-01f bar passes off from said shoulder during said feed movement, so that the castofi' is depressed by the spring-finger 2, and bears on the work while the secondary loop is being pulled up, as hereinafter described. The

ing downwardly into said slot, so that. when the secondary loop is pulled in,as hereinafter described, it will necessarilyinclose the shank of the button. The presser-barj is alternately pressed downward and raised intermit tently to permit the work to be fed by the feed movements of the needle by means of a lever, A, pivoted at B to the neck E, a camgroove, 0, in a disk on the driving-shaft B, said groove receiving a roller on the lever A and giving said lever an oscillating motion, a flexible arm or spring, D, constituting an extension of the lever A and bearing on the upper side of a stud, E, on the presser-ba-r, a lever, F, pivoted at B and hearing at one end against the under side of the stud E, and

a screw, G, in a lug on the lever A bearing When the endof the lever on the lever F. A, having the screw G, is depressed,.the screw depresses the corresponding end of the lever F and causes its other end to lift the presser bar by the stud E. When the described motion of the lever A is reversed, its spring-continuation D forces the presserfoot downwardly upon the work with a yielding pressure and allows the foot to accommodate itself to the thickness of the work, the flexibility of the spring or lever extension D preventing an y material increase of friction between the camgroove 0 and lever A when the presser-foot is holding the work, and enabling various thicknesses of work to be held, there being no material increase in the friction of said parts when the presser foot is holding work of greater than the average thickness. The lever F is not positively attached to the lever A, the screw G resting loosely on the lever F; consequently the latter can be operated independently to raise the presser-t'oot by depressing its rear end whenever the operator desires. To this end a rod. u, is connected to the rear end of the lever F, said rod being connected with asuitable treadle, (notshown,) so that the operator can use his foot in raising the presser foot to insert and remove the work. By adjusting the screw G up or down the extent of upward movement given to the presser-foot by the action of the lever A on the lever F may be diminished or increased,

0 represents an arm rigidly afiixed to an arbor, b, which is journaled in the arms 2 of the presser-foot k. The arm c, which is located between the said arms 2 3,'is pro vided with a longitudinal slot or aperture, d, extending nearly to its lower or swinging end, leaving a thin plate, 6, below the slot. The portions of the arm 0 constituting the sides of said slot (1 are cut away at a above the plate 0, the latter being thus converted into a hook. The plate or hook e is triangular, and presents a point or angle, f, at the front of the arm 0, as shown in Figs. 22 and 25, its edges diverging from said pointf.

To the sides of the arm a are pivoted plates or arms d d", the lower ends of which are bent underthe lower end of the arm 0', so that they nearly meet under the rear side of said arm 0, as shown in Fig. 25, said bent ends being notched or recessed at their rear sides to form diverging edges 9, which extend across the diverging edges of the plate or hook c. The arms d are provided with springs h h, which normally hold them in the position shown in Figs. 10 and 11. but permit them to yield, as shown in Fig. 12. At the back of the arm 0' is a thin plate, 2', which projects slightly below the hook e for a purpose hereinafter ex plained.

The arm 0, formed as. described, and the arms d pivoted thereto, are improvements on the loop-spreading devices shown in my former patent, their operation being described hereinafter. The arbor b is provided with an arm, 1, which is pivoted to a rod, 0, the latter extending backwardly to a lever, p, which is oscillated by a cam on the driving-shaft, as in my former patent, and it oscillates the loopspreading arm, with its-attachments.

f represents the button-reservoir, and g the raceway leading therefrom. I'have here shown the reservoir and raceway as pivoted to an arm, f, on the neck or arm E, and adapted to oscillate so that its lower end can move diagonally from the position it occupies when presenting a button to the needle to the position it occupies after the button has been withdrawn from the raceway. Said reservoir and raceway and the mechanism which oper ates them are fully shown and described in another application, No. 178,085, filed by me with the present application.

The improvements described andclaimed in this application are not, however, limited to use in a machine having the reservoir and raceway above mentioned, but may be used in 7 connection with a reservoir and raceway ot-h crwise constructed and operated such, for example, as I have shown in my above-named patent. The raceway here shown has an arm, a, which is pivoted at b to cars on a stud, c", at right angles to the pivot b, said stud being journaled in the arm f, at'fixed to the neck or arm E. The raceway is thus enabled to oscillate in two directionsviz., parallel with and at right angles to the arm E-so that it is capable of moving diagonally backward away from the needle, as described in my other application. The raceway is oscillated by means of a lever, f pivoted to the frame of the machine,and oscillated by a cam-groove in a disk on the drivingshat't R, and a connecting-rod, g, connecting said lever with an ear, h", secured to the raceway g". The raceway is provided with an arm having a slot, i", which receives the bolt which secures the ear h to said arm. The raceway is thus made capable of adj ustment at itslower end to correspond to any adjustment of the needle that may be effected for the purpose of varying the feedmovement, as previously described.

The thread used in securing the buttons passes through an aperture in a hollow stud, p", aflixed to the frame of the machine. Figs. 2, 14, and 1.5. In said stud f is a threadclamping device composed of a rod, g, which is raised intermittently by means of acam, g. on the driving-shaft R, and when raised binds the thread between its upper end and the lower end of astud, q", which is pressed downwardly by a spring. q backed by an adj ustable screw, q", inserted in the top of the stud 19 A Spring, u, presses the rod q downwardly, so that the roller 1), journaled in its lower end, bears at all times on the periphery of the cam q,which is formed to raise the rod q twice during each complete rotation of the shaft R, the thread being held each time that the rod q is raised and while the loops that secure each button are being tightened, as hereinafter described. The spring q enables the stud (1 to yield slightly, so that the thread is not rigidlyheld,

but will yield to a breaking strain imposed upon it.

The thread-holding devices constitute another part of my improvements. A represents a cup or box, pivoted to the arm B by means of a bolt, B, and adapted to contain a gum solution for the thread. The gumbox A when in its normal position is within the arm B, its pivotal connection with said arm enabling it to be swung laterally out of the arm when it is necessary to replenish it or pass the thread through it. Thethread passes into the gum cup A through a hole at D in the arm B, and passes through an eye, E, attached to the bot tom ot'the gunrcup A, and from thence through a groove, F, and a hole, G in an arm, G, rigidly attached to the outer end of the gumcup A. The gum-cup is provided near the hole G with two pads or disks, G G, of rubber or other yielding material, between which the thread passes. Said pads are compressed by a plate, J, which is pressed downwardly upon them by a screw, J. The pressure of the pads against the thread passing between them prevents the gum from leaking around the thread.

The gum-cup A,arranged in the arm B and pivoted thereto, is another of my improve ments. 'Its location in the arm B, and therefore close to the needle,prevents the gum from drying on the thread between the gum-cup A and the needle, while the pivotal connection of the cup A and arm B enables the cup to be readily exposed and covered. From the arm G of the gum-cup A the thread passes first through a tension-spring, K, attached to the 5 gum-cup, then through the eye of the oscillating thread-carrier O, which is operated by mechanism presently described, and then through the slot in the needle-plate D to the needle. The thread-carrier 0, Figs. 18 and a 19, is an arm attached to a vertical stud, A,

which is journaled in the arm B, and has an arm, B, to which is jointed one end ofa connecting-rod, G". Said rod isjointed at its opposite end to one arm of a bell-crank lever, D 5 which is pivoted at E to the frame a. The other arm of said lever has a roller, F", which enters a cam-groove, H, in the periphery of adisk, 1, on the driving-shaft R. The camgrooveHoscillatestheleverD,which,through the rod 0", oscillates the stud A" and the thread-carrier G. The tensionspring K exerts a constant downward pressure on the thread between the gum-cup and the threadcarrier 0, and prevents the thread from being slackened between the thread-carrier and the wo k by the movements of the thread-carrier. L represents a spring secured to the upper surface of the needle-plate D, slightly in the rear of the presser-foot. Said spring L holds the end of the thread before the formation of the first stitch, the thread being conducted through the needle-plate D and held by the spring while the needle is drawing up the first loop, the feeding of the work removing the thread from under the spring L, so that thereafter the spring U accomplishes nothing until the next piece of work is commenced.

The operation asa whole is as follows: The button-raceway being in the position shown in Figs. 2 and 4, the needle descends through the eye of the lower button in the raceway and passes through the material into the needle plate D, and at the same time the thread-carrier O swings around, as shown in Fig. 5, to press the thread against the hook side of the needle. The needle is then raised and draws a primary loop, 0', through the eye of the button, as shown in Fig. 6, and is then moved slightly forward by the co-operation of the spring G and cam J toward the outer end of the work-supporting arm B, as shown in Fig. 7, and then passes down through the first loop, 0, outside the eye of the button. The raceway g is then moved backwardly, and the loop 0" is thus caused to pull the last button out of the raceway, as is shown in Fig. 8. During the above-described operations the cast-off is prevented from descending so as to bear upon the work by the shoulder J but now the needle while in the work is moved backwardly with the cast-off bar, thus feeding the work, and at the same time causing the stud l of the cast-off bar to move off from the shoulder J whereupon the spring-finger 2 forces the cast-off down into the primary loop, as shown in Fig. 9, the cast-off moving down until it bears upon the work. After the feed movement the needle rises and draws up a secondary loop, D, through the loop 0, as shown in Fig. 10, the 0 cast-off remaining depressed and in the loop 0- until the barb of the needle rises above the latter. so as to prevent the needle from catching the loop 0" .VVhen the stud 1? of the rising needle-bar strikes the upper stud, h, of the cast-off bar, it raises the latter until its stud I is engaged by a spring-dog or catch, L, Fig. 3, supported on the neck or arm of themachine. Said dog supports the cast-off at a point above the barb of the raised needle while the needle bar moves downwardly enough to disengage said barb from the secondary loop, and while the loop-spreading device is taking said loop, as hereinafter described. When the needle and cast-off bars move forward to their starting position, the stud I of the cast-off bar leaves the dog L, and is depressed by the spring-linger 2 until it is arrested by the shoulder J, said shoulder preventing the cast-off from falling lower than 0 is necessary to enable it to bear upon and steady the eye of the lower button in the race-' way while the needle is passing through said eye, as shown-in Fig. 5. The operation of drawing the secondary loop D" entirely up 93 tightens the primary loop 0. J ustbefore the needle releases the secondary loop the arm 0 r swings toward the needle until the latter enters. the slot 11 in said arm, as shown in Fig. 11. the hook or triangular plate e of the arm 0' being too thus caused to enter the loop D before said loop is released from the hook of the needle. The arm 0 then swings backwardly from the needle, thus causing the hooked ends g of the arms d to enter the loop D and move it over the head of the button, as shown in Fig.

12, the arms 0? yielding or swinging to the front of the arm 0', so that-the loop D" is cleared from the hook 6. At the same time the cam q raises the thread clamping device no (1, which holds the thread tightly while the thread-carrier G swings around to the position shown in Fig. 5, and thus draws in the loop D, pullingit from the yielding arms d. This completes the attachment of the button, the x15 drawing in of the secondary-loop D interlocking it with theprimary loop 0, and forming the square knot which secures the button. While the loop D is being carried over the button the needle and the button-raceway re- :20 turn to their original positions. The needle then descends through the eye of the next button, engages the thread, which is again presented to it by the thread-carrier (J, and thus the operation is continued. The cam q is formed to raise the clamping device q while the needle is drawing up the primary loop 0" through the eye of the button, thus holding the thread so that the tension-spring K on the gum-cup is prevented from taking up more 1 0 thread than is required for the primary loop 0. The formation of a loose or slack primary loop is thus prevented. The plate t" on the arm 0 serves to bend or form the loop D when t, l l

the arm a is in the position shown in Fig. 11, preventing either side of the loop from curving inwardly when the arm 0 moves backwardly. It will be seen that the loop-spreading devices are much more simple and less liable to derangement than those shown in my former patent. Behind the portions "of the presser-foot it on which the button rests while the loop is being thrown over the button are formed slight elevations 1 (see Fig. 8,) which constitute obstructions, whereby the button is prevented from being pushed backward] y by the pressure of the loop against the front portion of its head. The arm constituting the thread-carrier 0 extends horizontally from the stud A" to a point near its outer end, and is there bent upwardly, as shown in Figs. 2, 5, and 18, the upwardly-bent portion having an eye, 27, through which the thread passes. Said eye is therefore raised above the main body of the arm 0, so that the arm can oscillate freely under the needle without striking the latter when it isdepressed. The camgroeve in the disk K which operates the needle-bar lever J, is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 13. The part 20 of said groove, through the intermediate mechanism, gives the needle its downward movement while it is passing through the eye of the last button in the raceway. The part 21 retains the needle at rest when depressed while the thread carrier is pressing the thread against it. The part 22 raises the needle and causes it to draw up the primary loop. The part 23 depresses the needle and causes it to pass through the primary loop outside of the eye of the button. The part 24 retains the needle in a depressed position while it is being moved to feed the work. The part 25 raises the needle and causes it to draw up the secondary loop, and they part 26 gives the needle the slight downward movement which disengages it from the secondary loop while the loop-spreader is taking said loop.

The described means for slightly depressing the needle to disengage the secondary loop constitutes another of my improvements.

I claim- 1. The combination of the needle-bar, the cast-off bar, means for moving said bars laterally, means, substantially as described, whereby the cast-off bar is positively moved by and with the needle-bar during parts of the vertical movements of the latter, the springfinger on the needle-bar bearing on the cast.- ofi bar, the shoulder whereby the cast-off is supported above the work during a part of the operation and afterward allowed to be depressed by the spring-finger, and the springcatch, whereby the cast-off bar is briefly supported in a raised position, as set forth.

2. The combination of the presserfoot, the loop-throwing device composed of theslotted arm 0, journaled in the presser-foot, and provided with the hook e, the spring-pressed hooked arms d 01*, pivoted to the arm 0, and

means, substantially as described, for oscillating said loop-throwing device, as set forth.

3. In a button-sewing machine, the combination of a work supporting arm, loop or stitch forming mechanism, substantially as described, located at one end of said arm, button-supplying mechanism, substantially as de scribed, and a gum-cu p located in said arm in close proximity to the loop or stitch forming mechanism, whereby the gum is prevented from drying on the thread between the cup and the needle, as set forth.

4. In a button-sewing machine, the combination of the loop-forming devices, including the oscillating loopspreading devices, with the oscillating thread guide or take-up, whereby the second loop is tightened after it has been thrown over the button-head by the loopspreader, and the intermittently operating thread'clamp, whereby the thread is grasped and held while the thread-guide, acting as a take-up, is drawing in said loop, as set forth.

5. In a button-sewing niachine,the combination,withthebutton-supplyingmechanism,and the loop or stitch forming mechanism, includ ing the loop-spreading devices, of the presserfoot having the button-arresting elevations,

whereby each button is supported while a loop is being thrown over its head, as set forth.

6. The combination of the needle and castoff bars,and nieans,substantially as described, for reciprocating them vertically, the carrier H, supporting'said bars and provided with the arm V, the pivoted lever WV, connected to said arm V and provided with the arm B", the connected arms 0* D*, adapted to oscillate independently of the lever \V, said arm D" having an adjustable screw bearing against the arm 13 of the lever W, the cams J K, and the spring G", whereby the lever and arm 0 are pressed toward said cams, as set forth.

7. The combination of the needlebar, its.

carrier, means, substantially as described, for varying the throw of the carrier to regulate the initial positions of the needle and the length of its feed movement, the oscillatory buttonraceway, and mechanism to operate said raceway, and means, substantially as described, whereby the initial position of the raceway may be varied to correspond with the adjustment of the needle, as set forth.

8. In a button-sewing machine, the combi nation of the button-supplying mechanism,

the needle, the cast-off, and their operating mechanism, the loop-spreading devices and their supporting and operating mechanism, the work-supporting arm, the oscillating thread-carrier located in said arm, and the tension-spring, also located in said arm below the work, and serving to keep the thread taut between the thread carrier and the work, as set forth.

9. The combination, with the presser-foot, of the loop-spreading arm pivoted to the resser-foot, and havingthe V-shaped trian- IIC gular hook e rigidly attached to its swinging end, said hook being formed to enter and spread a loop, as described, and mechanism for oscillating said arm.

10. The combination of the presser foot, the loop'spreading arm having a loop-engaging hook rigidly attached to its swinging end, means for oscillating said arm, and the springpressed fingers d d pivoted to said arm and provided with backwardly-projecting hooks, as set forth.

11. The combination, with the presser-foot, of the loop-spreading arm having the "V- shaped or triangular plate or hook e and the needle-receiving slot d, and mechanism for oscillating said arm, as set forth.

JOSEPH MATHISON,

iVi tnesses:

O. F. BROWN, H. BROWN. 

